Oil-lamp.



No. 730,447. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1903-.

' J. F10. PARQUHAR. I

OIL LAMP. uruoumn rum) 00116;.1902.

' no MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented. jun 9, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

Jenn FREDERICK ooo E FARQUHAR, or vAUoLUsE, NEAR SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA.

OIL-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 730,447, dated June 9, 1903.

Application filed October 16, 1902. Serial No. 127, 17. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.- Be it known that LJOHN FREDERICK COOKE FARQUHAR, a subject of the Kingof Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Vaucluse, 5 near Sydney, in the State of New South Wales and Commonwealth of Australia, haveinvented Improvements in Oil-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to those descriptions to of oil-lamps in which there is a central draft of air upward through a passage surrounded by the wick-tube to the point of combustion. The improvements have been specially devised in order that such lamps may be used is in any drafts or air-currents within reason,

that in such lamps cold air will be, prevented from approaching the flame, the drafts down the chimney will be prevented, thatinduced reverse drafts from the flame will be prevented, that the Wick-tube will be kept comparatively cool, and generally that such lamps will more efiectuallyanswer the requirements of a good and steady source of light.

One of the present improvements consists z5 in closing the chimney around its periphery at its base, so that there is no admittance for air except through the passage internally of the wick-tube, and in placing a wind-guard on the top of the chimney. This wind-guard o clamps upon the chimney by three or more spring-clips which support a 'cylinder, from which in turn is supported a circular disk of about the same size as the top of the chimney. This disk has an annular clear space (except the supporting-ribs) between .it-and the cylinder of an area not less than the exit area of the chimney. The cylinder is of such a length that its superficial area below the disk will be about double the same exit area. 40 This effectively protects the entrance tothe flame of external downair-currents and protects said flame also from being adected by passing horizontal air-currents.

Another of the present improvements consists in partitioning 'or dividing the entrance at the base of the lamp leading to the air-pas sage. This may be partitioned into three or four or more spaces, each preferably presenting a slightly-concave perforated tangential front. This prevents lateral air-currents from the Wick-tube.

- reservoir, from which one or more small tubes reach across the said annular air-space to the wick-tn be. Oonsequeut upon this last-mentioned improvement is a still further one consisting in the combination, with said wick tube and surrounding air-space, of an oiltight sheath for the adjusting-pinion and the rack of the wick-holder. I

A still further improvement consists in 'a"'65 V particular construction of the spreader,which is supported above the top end of the wick" This spreader is constructed so'tbat those of a size may be interchangeable in different makes of lamps. The spreader-plate as ordinarily is on the top of a perforated tube, which in this construction is fixed to a collet (fitting the Wick-tube) whose upper edge is slightly flanged or burred, so that the said collet will not enter the wicktubefarther than required.

In order that the invention may be clearly which Figure 1 is a central sectional elevation of a lamp constructed according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the same, taken below the line A A, while Fig. 3 is a reverse sectional plan taken above the line B B. Fig. 4 is a plan, and Fig. 5 a reverse plan, respectively, of the wind-guard. The lamp-base is formed of four tangential curves or concaves 1, having perforations or orifices Ztherein and each abutting on two ends of partitions 3, dividing said base into four independent chambers 4 below the hollow pedestal 5. These divisions 4. prevent passing air from inducing downdrafts and the curves or concavities tend to the same effeet, while at the same timethe perforations 2 quietly collect such passing air, breaking its force if too strong and causing it to pass I up through the pedestal to the burner. The bottom of the base is also hermetically closed Ioo by an imperforate plate 4:, so that air cannot enter the base through its bottom when the lamp is held in the hand and out of contact with any other support.

The pedestal 5, surrounding the air-space 6, supports the bowl or oil-reservoir 7, which encircles the air-space 8 and supports within it the annular wick-tube 9 (having closed bottom) by means of small connecting-pipes 10 and attachments 11. Internally of the wicktube 9 is the passage or airspace 12,and downwardly from it extends the pocket or sheath 13 for the rack 14 of the wick-holder, (shown at the bottom of its travel,)the said pocket or sheath consisting of cylinders 15 and 16, between which the wick is squeezed and tightly held. In gear with the .rack 14 is a pinion 17 on the end of a spindle 18, that passes through a sleeve or casing 19 and through a stuffing-box and gland 20 and terminates in a milled disk -or thumb-piece 21. On top of the oil-reservoir 7 isaneck and cap 22, through which such reservoir is filled as required.

The flame-spreader 23has a body 24 of perforated metal or the like fixed to a collet or cylinder 25 filling the top of the wick-tube 9, but having its top edge 26 slightly flanged or turned over or burred, so that it cannot pass into said tube beyond the arbitrary distance devised in its manufacture.

Outside of the external wall 27 of the airspace 8, and which is acontinuation of the internal wall of the oil-reservoir 7, is a strengthening or ornamental cone 28, supporting the rest-ring 29 of the clip'or gallery 30, which is without any perforations, so that when the chimney 31 rests thereon an air-tight joint is formed between them' and air cannot enter the base of the chimney except through the hollow pedestal 6. Around this gallery 30 there is an ordinary supporting ring and arms for a globe, if desired. These devices, as illustrated, allow no ingress of air to the chimney, and thus to the flame, other than that which enters the base and passes up the air-spaces 6, 8, and 12, during which passage it is heated by cooling the walls of such spaces,

which would otherwise becomes dangerously hot.

On top of the chimney 31 isa wind-guard, and though, perhaps, it might be constructed of other materials metal has been found to satisfactorily answer. This wind-guard is made of about the proportions hereinbefore stated and shown upon the drawings,although other measurements might also be found suitable hereafter. The legs or clips or brackets 32,with rests or top pieces33,support the cylinder 34 on the chimney 31 with its bottom edge slightly below the top of the said chimney. This cylinder 34 by means of ribs or radial arms 35 supports the disk 36 clear of and above the top of said chimney 31.

In use the lamp emits light as ordinarily, but with greater satisfaction than lamps heretofore designed, owing to the .nature, purpose, and functions, as hereinbefore set forth, of the present improvements.

It is to be understood that the present improvements are not confined to any particular make of central-draft lamps, but might be embodied in any lamp in which there is a central draft of air upward to the pointof combustion.

What I claim is l. Inanoil-lamp,thecombinationwithahollow pedestal of a hollow base therefor closed at the bottom and having a plurality of perforated sides, and vertical baffles arranged within said base so as to form with the bot tom and sides thereof, compartments the upper ends of which communicate with the lower end of said pedestal.

2. In an oil-lamp, the combination with a hollow pedestal,of a hollow base therefor having an imperforate bottom and a plurality of perforated sides that are joined together at adjacent edges to form corners, and vertical imperforate baffle-plates located within said base, resting. upon the imperforate bottom thereof, joined together at their intersecting point and also to said sides at the junction thereof, so as to form a number of compartments having air-inlet openings at the side and air-outlet openings at the top in communication with said pedestal.

3. In an oil-lamp, the combination of a hollow base comprising solid top and bottom plates and a plurality of perforated side plates, a hollow pedestal secured to the top of said base and having its lower open end in communication with the interior of said base, and a baffling device comprising imperforate plates arranged between the top and bottom of said base and extending from the corners to the central portion thereof so as to form compartments communicating at the top with the interior of said pedestal.

4. In an oil-lamp, the combination with a hollow pedestal of a hollow base comprising a solid bottom plate, perforated side plates connected together at their adjacent edges to form corners and a solid top plate formed with an opening over which said pedestal is fixed, said side plates being located within an imaginary straight-line figure joining the corners of said base, and vertical baffle-plates extending inward from the corners of said base and meeting at the central portion of said base.

5. In an oil-lamp, the combination with the hollow pedestal of the lamp, of a hollow windproof base therefor'comprising four perfo 6. In anoil-lamp, the combination with a hollow pedestal, of a hollow wind-proof base comprising top and bottom plates and inwardly-curved perforated side plates joined together at their adjacent edges, and an imperforate vertical bafiiing device comprising outwardly-extending plates arranged to divide said base into compartments communieating at the top with said pedestal.

7. In an oil-lamp, the combination of a hollow base closed at the bottom and having perforated sides, and vertical baffles arranged within said base so as to form with the bottom and sides thereof compartments open at their upper ends, a hollow pedestal extend-' ing upward from said base and communicating with the compartments therein, and an imperforate wind-proof gallery around the upper end of said pedestal.

8. In an oil-lamp, the combination of ahollow base closed at the bottom and having a plurality of perforated sides, vertical baffies arranged within said base so as to form with the bottom and sides thereof compartments open at the top, a hollow pedestal extending upward from such base, and communicating with the said compartments therein, an imperforate wind -proof gallery fixed around the upper end of said pedestal, and. an annular wick-tube arranged within the upper end of said pedestal so as to form therewith an.

annular airway and having a central airway therethrough.

9. In an oil-lamp, a combined hollow pedestal and chimney having an inlet for air only at the lower end of the pedestal and an outlet for hot gases at the top of the chimney, a hollow base fixed to the lower end of the pedestal, said base being ciosed at the bottom and having a plurality of perforated sides, vertical baffles arranged within said base so as to form with the bottom and sides thereof compartments the upper ends of which communicate with the lower end of said pedestal, and a wind-guard resting upon the top of said chimney and adapted to allow of the free escape of products of combustion therefrom but to prevent downdraft therethrough.

10. An oil-lamp comprising a hollow base closed at the bottom and having a plurality of perforated sides, vertical bafilesarranged within said base so as to form with the bottom and sides thereof compartments open at their upper ends, a hollow pedestal fixed to the upper end of said base and in communication with said compartments, an annular wick-tube, fixed in the upper part of said pedestal so as to form therewith an annular airway and having a central airway therethrough, a lamp-chimney fitted to the upper end of said pedestal so as to exclude entrance of air at this part of the lamp, and a windguard consisting of a vertical tube adapted to be supported from the top of said chimney, open at top and bottom and extending below the top of said chimney, and a disk supported by the upper end of said tube at a distance above and covering the top of said chimney.

11. In an oil-lamp, the. combination with a hollow lamp-base, pedestal and chimney, of a wind-guard resting on the top of said chimney and comprising an imperforate tube of greater cross-sectional area than the top of said chimney, said tube being open at top and bottom, extending below the top of said chimney, and adapted to be supported by the upper end of the chimney, and a disk carried by and level with the top of said tube and of sufficient diameter to cover the upper end of said chimney and leave an outlet for products of combustion between itself and said tube.

Signed at 75 and 77 Cornhill, London, England, this 8th day of October, 1902.

JOHN FREDERICK GOOKE FARQUHAR.

Witnesses:

PERCY E. MA'rTooKs, HUGH HUGHES. 

